In the formulas that follow, the coordinate strings are symbolically represented as follows:¶¶deg                     decimal degrees¶adeg                   absolute value of decimal degrees¶ideg                     integer degrees¶sdeg                   signed integer degree¶min                      real-number minutes¶imin                      integer minutes¶sec                      real-number seconds¶lathem, lonhem    hemisphere abbreviation¶¶
In this conversion the hemisphere parameters retain their values but change their positions in their respective coordinate strings from the end of the strings to the beginnings (both forward and reverse).¶¶Forward calculation from Hdeg representation to DMSH representation:¶First, re-order fields from¶          lathem, lat_adeg   and    lonhem, lon_adeg¶to       lat_adeg, lathem   and    lon_adeg, lonhem  ¶¶Then ¶ideg = INT(adeg)¶¶min = (adeg - ideg) * 60¶imin = INT(min)¶sec =  (min - imin) * 60¶¶
Reverse calculation from DMSH representation to Hdeg representation:¶adeg = (ideg + imin/60 + sec/3600)¶¶Then re-order fields from¶          lat_adeg, lathem   and    lon_adeg, lonhem¶to       lathem, lat_adeg   and    lonhem, lon_adeg